gaurus laosiensis which inhabits in Cambodia, Lao PDR, west Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam, based on skull and horn size. gaurus gaurus which inhabits in India and Nepal B. Recently, Groves 7 & Groves and Grubb 8 proposed two sub species B. Hubback 6 opined the possibility for the presence of two types of gaur in Malaysia, one with no dewlap and one possessing well developed dewlap. Lydekker 4, 5 reported three subspecies of gaur based on morphological descriptions namely Bos gaurus gaurus, which inhabits in India, Nepal and Bhutan, Bos gaurus readei, which inhabits in Cambodia, southern China, Lao PDR, Viet Nam, Myanmar, and Thailand and Bos gaurus hubbacki, which inhabits in Malaysia. gaurus has been classified into several subspecies by different researchers elucidating ambiguities in their taxonomy. Therefore conservation of gaur populations is pertinent. As a result gaur has been categorized as vulnerable species by the IUCN 3 and protected under schedule I of the wild life (protection) Act 1972 in India. Gaur population has declined drastically in almost its entire geographical range primarily due to habitat loss, poaching for horn and meat, diseases and competition for food resources 1, 2. But, currently it occurs in a few Asian countries such as Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam, with about 85% of its total population surviving in India 2. The historical distribution of gaur ranged throughout much of the mainland South and Southeast Asia. The gaur, Bos gaurus also known as “Indian bison” is the largest living wild cattle species belonging to the family Bovidae 1. The findings of our study provide an insight into the genetic structure and evolutionary history of Indian gaur. gaurus gaurus was genetically closer to B. Moreover, it also clearly distinguished the three sub species of B. The phylogenetic analysis using complete mitochondrial genome sequences unambiguously suggested that gaur is the maternal ancestor of domestic mithun. The overall base composition appeared to be 33.5% A, 27.2% T, 25.9% C and 13.4% G, which yielded a higher AT content. Among the 37 genes, 28 were positioned on the H-strand and 9 were positioned on the L-strand. Mitochondrial genome consisted of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and a control region.
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We report here for the first time 16,345 bp mitochondrial genome of four Indian gaur sequenced using two different approaches. Mitochondrial genome is considered as an important tool for species identification and monitoring the populations of conservation concern and therefore it becomes an obligation to sequence the mitochondrial genome of Indian gaur. Around 85% of its current global population resides in India, however there has been a gradual decrease in the gaur population over the last two decades due to various anthropogenic activities.
![inkscape org inkscape org](https://alpha.inkscape.org/vectors/www.inkscapeforum.com/download/filea26c.png)
#Inkscape org code#
SetupĪdd the following code to the preamble of your LateX document.The gaur is the largest extant cattle species and distributed across South and Southeast Asia.
#Inkscape org free#
If you're interested in porting it to Windows, feel free to make a pull request. This package currently works on Linux and MacOS.
#Inkscape org install#
You can install it using pip: pip3 install inkscape-figures You need Python >= 3.7, as well as a picker. A script I use to manage figures for my LaTeX documents.